Materials and Metallurgical Engineering is an emerging trend in the Engineering discipline which involves development of new processes for producing specialty materials, such as plastics, lightweight metal alloys and bio and nano-materials, for a wide variety of industrial and consumer applications. It is noteworthy that every product, regardless of size, shape and/or area of use, is made of materials. These materials must specify the correct properties; - first for the production and subsequently for service. The choice of materials must therefore ensure that the products will not fail in service.